Free PDF Alliance Curse: How America Lost the Third World, by Hilton L. Root
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Alliance Curse: How America Lost the Third World, by Hilton L. Root
Free PDF Alliance Curse: How America Lost the Third World, by Hilton L. Root
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In Alliance Curse, Hilton Root illustrates that recent U.S. foreign policy is too often misguided, resulting in misdirected foreign aid and alliances that stunt political and economic development among partner regimes, leaving America on the wrong side of change. Many alliances with third world dictators, ostensibly of mutual benefit, reduce incentives to govern for prosperity and produce instead political and social instability and economic failure. Yet again, in the war on terror and in the name of preserving global stability, America is backing authoritarian regimes that practice repression and plunder. It is as if the cold war never ended. While espousing freedom and democracy, the U.S. contradicts itself by aiding governments that do not share those values. In addition to undercutting its own stated goal of promoting freedom, America makes the developing world even more wary of its intentions. Yes, the democracy we preach arouses aspirations and attracts immigrants, but those same individuals become our sternest critics; having learned to admire American values, they end up deploring U.S. policies toward their own countries. Long-term U.S. security is jeopardized by a legacy of resentment and distrust. A lliance Curse proposes an analytical foundation for national security that challenges long-held assumptions about foreign affairs. It questions the wisdom of diplomacy that depends on questionable linkages or outdated suppositions. The end of the Soviet Union did not portend the demise of communism, for example. Democracy and socialism are not incompatible systems. Promoting democracy by linking it with free trade risks overemphasizing the latter goal at the expense of the former. The growing tendency to play China against India in an effort to retain American global supremacy will hamper relations with both—an intolerable situation in today's interdependent world. Root buttresses his analysis with case studies of American foreign policy toward developing countries (e.g., Vietnam), efforts at state building, and nations growing in importance, such as China. He concludes with a series of recommendations designed to close the gap between security and economic development.
- Sales Rank: #1729668 in Books
- Brand: Brand: Brookings Institution Press
- Published on: 2008-06-30
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.28" h x 1.04" w x 6.40" l, 1.26 pounds
- Binding: Hardcover
- 286 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
From Publishers Weekly
With friends like the dictators with which it regularly sides, the United States doesn't need enemies, argues this wide-ranging critique of American foreign policy. Root (Capital & Collusion) posits that, in the search for securing access to natural resources and investment opportunities in developing countries, American leaders find it cheaper and more expedient to prop up corrupt autocrats than deal with democracies. The consequences are dire, he contends: American aid lets dictatorships consolidate power while ignoring the needs of their people; when they inevitably fall, America often gets dragged into futile military interventions that leave it disgraced and unpopular. Root elaborates these themes in case studies of U.S. relations with South Vietnam, the Philippines, Iran, Iraq and other countries; his surveys proffer intriguing insights into the failings of America's allies and the surprising successes of enemies like Communist China and Islamic Iran. Root's discussions, citing everything from game theory to the marginal utility of supporting the Vietcong, can be dry and excessively technical, which is a shame, because his prescriptions for American foreign policy—less focus on military security, more on economic development and social reform—are well-grounded and compelling. (July)
Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Review
"Roots prescriptions for American foreign policy--less focus on military security, more on economic development--are well-grounded and compelling." — Publishers Weekly
"His prescriptions for American foreign policy--less focus on military security, more on economic development--are well-grounded and compelling." — Publishers Weekly
"engaging and provocative...highly recommended." — CHOICE
About the Author
Hilton L. Root is a professor at George Mason University's School of Public Policy and a senior fellow with the Mercatus Center. He has served as adviser to the U.S. Treasury and the Asian Development Bank and has taught at Stanford University and the University of Pennsylvania. Root has a number of books to his credit, including Capital & Collusion: The Political Logic of Global Economic Development (Princeton, 2006), Governing for Prosperity, edited with Bruce Bueno de Mesquita (Yale, 2000), and The Key to the Asian Miracle, with J. E. Campos (Brookings, 1996).
Most helpful customer reviews
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
How We've Gone Wrong In The World
By Richard Grabel
There is some controversy about the quote, but it is often reported that in 1939 Franklin Roosevelt said of Nicaragua's Somoza, "He may be a son of a bitch but he's our son of a bitch". But perhaps it was Acheson speaking about Tito or Dulles about someone else. The fact that it coulld have been any of them, or any other of our policy makers, just amplifies how that quote distills the fallacy that has been central to our international relations under every President since Roosevelt and continuing to this day. We keep thinking we are going to win by siding with bad guys. And it keeps not working out.
In this masterly and thoroughly-researched book, Hilton Root takes on an in-depth tour of the misapprehensions and wishful thinking that have repeatedly led us into alliances that have hurt both us and the people of the countries we were supposedly trying to help.
Why do our military alliances not increase our security? Why are our foreign aid efforts often destructive instead of productive? What were we thinking with Chiang Kai-shek, Marcos, Musharraf or the Shah of Iran? Historical questions, but herein lie the answers to the questions posed by today's headlines. As I write, those questions include for example, why is Egypt in turmoil, and Turkey, and Syria, and so on. This book becomes even more relevant with each passing month.
Root does not appear to have a particular ideoology and this does not come across as a "political" book. The tone is clear-eyed and dispassionate, the arguments are primarily based on economic analysis.But I did not find it "dry", this is economics applied to political and historical analysis in a most clever and engaging way,
This book should be required reading for our policy makers. It is a brilliant book, and an important one.
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Great book
By Jewel
I highly recommend this book for reading. I really enjoyed reading this book. It provides systematic and logical analysis of why newly established nations fail, what could be said about the American foreign policy and its roles in a changing global environment. You will learn about foreign policy failures deriving from inside American institutions and those deriving from the American interests abroad. Then, in-depth case studies on China, the Philippines, South Vietnam, Iran and other developing countries backs up the Author's conclusion.
The main thesis for this book is:
The highly politicized U.S. foreign policy with negligence on the ever changing international environment, relying on military solutions, and directing foreign aid improperly to protect America's interests will pose greater threats to America's security in the long run; and, will create greater regional instability putting America in an "alliance trap" with autocratic regimes. The failure of such policies was evidenced by in depth case studies on China, the Philippines, South Vietnam, Iran and several other developing countries. The U.S. should reconsider its foreign policy in terms of providing aid to countries with autocratic, crony leaders who use the aid to maintain their political patronage.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
The Alliance Curse: How America lost the third world ...
By Amazon Customer
The Alliance Curse: How America lost the third world - A research student perspective.
As a research student of political economy (working on my thesis about US-Pakistan alliance), I have read ‘Alliance Curse: How America lost the third world’, multiple times in the last few months. After a comprehensive research for my dissertation spanned over a year, I have come to the conclusion that this publication is exceptional in numerous traditions. Unlike most of the books and journal articles on international relations and US foreign policy. This publication provides a unique historical analysis of contemporary global politics by applying the framework of political economy. Thus, within the political science literature about US foreign policy, this book is a new sub-genre in its own right.
The dominant class of neo-realist authors in international relations academia (such as Kissinger, Huntington, Berezniki, Morgenthau etc.) has rationalized the amorality of US foreign policy. In their academic works, the neo-realist authors have glorified the dichotomy of US character about democracy and human rights in the global arena as a necessity to achieve the goals of power consolidation in the name of US national interest and security. However, they have (deliberately) failed to address the consequences of this profligate foreign policy, which have only secured short term strategic goals. One the other hand, the belligerent attitude towards achieving geo-strategic objectives, has conceived long term and chronic threats for the US and world peace and stability. The Alliance Curse provides an in-depth critique of neo-realists one dimensional vision about US foreign policy to secure strategic interests. The alliance formation to contain the spread of communism became a prominent feature of US foreign policy in Post WWII era. In the feverish pursuit of this global agenda to counter the spread of communism, almost all US administrations regardless of their political affiliations formed alliances with the political regimes that were inherently corrupt, autocratic and notorious abusers of human rights. The strategy that nullifies the self-proclaimed ‘triumphalism’ of the US as the champion and promoter of democracy and human rights on global scale. This core argument presented in ‘Alliance Curse’ can be very distasteful for the regime of neo-realists authors.
By adopting the multidisciplinary approach of political science and economics, Root has demonstrated that how the instrument of US foreign aid has become a curse for the third world rather than a blessing. Root argues that the profligacy of US foreign policy has generated long term problems of hatred, resentment and anti- Americanism in the third world. The alarming peril of global terrorism that exploded on the morning of 9/11 is one of of the various manifestations of this animosity against the US. The book offers meticulous analysis of US foreign policy in terms of aid (mis) allocation to achieve geo-strategic objectives and the political economic consequences it generates for the recipient state. Root’s critical analysis highlights the striking contrast between the self-proclaimed democratic posture of the US in international politics and the practice of alliance formation with the most notorious of world dictators, over the course of modern history. Various US administrations have desecrated the instrument of US aid to reward the dishonest, authoritative regimes that are chronic abusers of human rights.
With the help of various case studies of different regions including Vietnam, Iran, Philippines, Middle East and South Asia, Root has established that the imperatives of US aid allocation have strengthened the autocratic regimes around the globe. The US applied the foreign policy instrument of aid to finance the dictatorial regimes, under the disguise of human and economic assistance. Consequently, various third world states have been plunged into vicious trap of the alliance curse. Root applies the economic theory of development and investment to demonstrate that how the US aid allocation under the donor interest model creates long term dependency among the recipient states. The condition that have engendered vast networks of crony capitalism, hampered the process of democracy, human and economic development, consolidated the power of dictators and their minor political coalitions and further marginalize the already disenfranchisement populace in the third world.
Most importantly, the book addresses the criticality of the failure of US foreign policy to learn from its mistakes of The Cold War era. US has imitated the blunders of Cold War era during the War on Terror in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Middle East by financing and installing the quasi democratic regimes that are not connected at the grass root level. Nonetheless, the book reveals the true colours of US foreign policy that has transformed the Superpower into the patron of vast tyrannical clientele, behind the smoke screen of the biggest donor state of the world.
Adnan Hafeez
(Research student at the School of Government and International Relations, Griffith University, Qld, Australia)
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